>>CK,



>>To switch gears, a couple of years ago, I exchanged messages with Robert Hansen and questioned the results reported by Kluge. Robert then informed me that recent information suggested that Charina and Calabaria were not all that closely related. Below is part of a recent e-mail from my youngest son Ryan in Utah. Perhaps it was the Noonan paper to which Robert Hansen was referring.

>>------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

>>Bryce Noonan evaluated all boas relationships in a recent paper. See: http://bnoonan.org/Papers/Noonan_Chippindale_06a.pdf In this paper, he presents a phylogeny tree that shows Charina, Lichanura, and Exiliboa on the same branching. Bryce got the rubber boa for that study from me when he was at BYU a few years back doing post doctorate work.

>>----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

>>

>>Richard F. Hoyer



There are other papers that show similar relationships, contradicting Kluge's morphological analysis. Such as this one below:



http://evo.bio.psu.edu/hedgeslab/Publications/PDF-files/141.pdf



Nicolas Vidal, S. Blair Hedges 2002. Higher-level relationships of snakes inferred from four nuclear and mitochondrial genes. C. R. Biologies 325 (2002) 977–985

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