Truth is, there is no way to predict exactly what the effects of heating will be in your multi-unit caging. Too many variables. Yes, top cages will be warmer - that is true anywhere. So you need a separate controller for the top row if you want precise control.

As far as building materials, you are correct. Most have formaldehyde. This may never be a real issue for a snake, not sure. But, that is one more reason why heating from above may be best. Substrate on the cage floor limits the snake from direct contact on wood.

They do have formaldehyde free plywood now. I am using it for some cage tops (plastic food-safe containers, I make my own wood lids). But if heating from above, any plywood is fine as long as you seal it with something. Shellac is hypoallergenic once cured. Not the best moisture barrier, but good. Waterborne polyurethane has gotten better now. If you have the dinero, two-part epoxy is awesome and safe when cured.

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