The problem is degree, even other species of colubrids have those qualities in their saliva. All saliva has destructive qualities. Some break down sugars and carbs, others have different abilities. Venoms are merely evolved saliva glands, that have attained "other" goals then simple digestion. As in, to immobilize prey. Which has not been debated here.

Since this conversation started, I have made a point to observe hog feeding on live prey, and not once did the act of biting and chewing, immobilize the prey(yet, still looking) In all cases, the prey was swallowed alive and kicking. This includes lizards, mice and toads.

All in all, literature calls hognose HARMLESS, mildly toxic or venomous, etc, but harmless where the bites do not REQUIRE medical attention.

For John, you are misinformed about rattlesnake bites and venom. Indeed each individual snake, and victims have a range of reactions. This is widely known. In all cases of rattlesnake species, the bites(venom injected) have a huge range of effects. from non serious, to very serious and death. There are many variables, which include individual tolerance and toxicity. Best wishes.

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