I know what you mean and you are absolutely correct. Many times these unlisted inactive ingredients could be an issue when it comes to using them on an animal that is not necessarily the intended target use for the product. They could easily be a toxicity issue. The cis/trans ratio refers to the shape of the specific molecule being referred too and the ratios of each in the formulation. These molecules have the same chemical formula, but in the trans form, the isomer has the main distinguishing atom on opposite sides of the molecule, were in the cis form, they are on the same side of the molecule. That’s about the best way I can describe it. The question I can’t answer is what the actual effect the different trans/cis ratios have on the effectiveness and/or toxicity of the chemical. Someone else with more organic chemistry knowledge than myself will need to answer that one. Seeing that the actual shape, and not the formula, of the molecule is different, I would still suspect that it would react differently. Also, interesting observation on the PAM ingredients, 2,2dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate is also one of the ingredients in Black Knight.

Kelly

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