Regarding quantity of Ca. Good and tough Questions. I think you can overdo it with too much finely powdered Ca on food, where the tortoise really does not have a choice. I am an advocate of giving them a choice, and my outdoor herd is offered cuttle bone and egg shells free choice, and they do indeed eat a lot of both. I spinkle oyster shell on food sporadically, when I think of it, perhaps once or twice a week? I also feed a lot of cactus, said to be a good Ca source. I am unaware of any problems, and the shells look great, no pyramiding, eggs are chalky white... My herd is outside, and that makes it simpler I think. As usual, "moderation in all things applies"...but I don't think any harm will come to them if they select and eat it, as opposed to ingesting it incidental to food consumption. I also think more tortoises suffer from deficiency than excess, but I am speculating here. Vic H.

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