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Southwestern Center for Herpetological Research

Celia.... I wanted to respond, but...

Jeremy Stone Apr 14, 2006 02:43 PM

My posts always seem to go to the bottom, and not where I was intended to post to a certain person.

After reading some of the posts today, I have thought more about the subject. First of All, I sense that you have some frustration in defending your integrity about this with not having a Hypo male in the litter. That is sad, and I would hope that NOBODY calls you out in a disrespectful manner in this. We know that you will handle your business with INTEGRITY, and that is what you have stood for in the past, and there is NO reason to assume that would change. Your post really has helped many realize different possibilities of what can happen. I am sorry if you in anyway felt that people questioned your integrity. That shouldn't happen. So, please don't feel that I was doing that, and if anyone else did. Shame on them.

What Bill Kirby said made great sense to me. IF you are certain no other male would be the sire, then what he said HAS to be the result. I don't think there could be any other conclusion. I have a few reasons why I believe what he said to be true.

FIRST, I have had many litters from the same parents year after year. Yes, a few of those have been hypos too. The reason I would think it wouldn't be the Jungle father is because of the looks of the litter from years past. You also brought up the point about them looking like Salmon Jungles. You asked the question if they are Jungles and Salmon jungles and wanted opinions on the matter from Jungle breeders. The only reason I brought up the Hypo Male is because they look more like Super Salmons then Salmon Jungles, and the normals look like Salmon Poss Dom siblings more then anything. Even those have a JUNGLE look. Even some of the Harlequin Hypos have a jungle look, so that could be the result.

Second: Bill Brought up the point about Results. He is right. Look at the Bad odds I have had many times with Blizzards. Also, I'll give 3 examples of other litters that were MINDBLOWING. IN 1997 I bought a group of DH striped Albinos from Pete. I sold a local guy one of the female DH's. He bred them to an Albino Poss het Stripe. The female gave birth to 29 babies. OF the 29, there were NO Albinos, not a SINGLE ALBINO, and there were Striped Boas in the litter, so the Male was a Het, and the Mom was at least a HET STRIPE. That same year I produced from the Sister and had Albinos, so for some reason we thought Pete must have mixed up some breeding and accidentally sold me just a HET stripe female instead of a DH stripe. Pete was very professional, and told me to breed it one more year, and if nothing happened he would work something out. Two years went by. I was convinced the female was just a het stripe. I bred her to a DH sunglow and in 2002; I produced Sunglows from this female. I was FLOORED!!!! She was a Het. I then thought the kid I sold her to before may have bred her to a different male to get 29 babies, however, there were striped babies in the litter, and all he had was an Albino Male poss het stripe. Here is anther WHACKY think about that litter. Of the 29 babies, 27 were MALE!!!!!!! I have had a few other litters, that the sexes were WAY off. One litter of 17 babies was all females.

I have had other experience with HUGE bad odds but that is the biggest litter with bad results. Pete has had something similar too. IF I can remember right, he had albino to het and had 25 plus and only 1 was albino. There are a few other examples of this.

LAST: Here is why I would lead to the conclusion of what Bill said about being a Motley litter. I have had a few Hypo to Motley litters. IN two litters in particular, the Hypos that came out were INSANE. They look like SUPERS. Some of the Best Hypos I have ever seen for being f1's. I didn't have nearly as many as you did, but if you saw a couple of these at 2 years, you'd swear they were dominant salmons with AMAZING weird SIDE colors. So, that is a possibility.

I can never say for SURE. You could do some DNA tests, but that would be PRICY!!! I would believe if those are the only two options that it would have to be the Motley.

Back to the Jungle issue. Those babies do resemble some Jungle characteristics, but a lot of other NON jungles do too, and that is why the Jungle gene is sometimes so confusing for so many people. Since the babies don't look anything like the last years litter, I would even be more sure that that can't happen. Also, there have been some studies on BOA Sperm Retention. There was a Great Symposium in Orlando on the issue, and one of the Vets said Boa Sperm couldn't live longer then 8 months, so the only way you could have a VIABLE litter retained is if the female went EARLY. That was his studies, but he could be wrong too. I have never seen it personally, but I have seen retention as long as 4 months.

In closing, I would like to say Thank you very much for sharing. I think many of us are afraid to openly discuss things for fear of people taking in the wrong way and making judgments. Experience is the BEST teacher. I know that I have bred and still will sometimes use different males. I don't necessarily PRIME them, but in certain circumstances if a Male POOPS out, I'll put in a different male to get the female to go. It is risky, and it is one of the greatest ways to pass disease, but I feel I know my animals well, and have taken that risk, and probably still will in the future. Just in a different way.

Your openness is respected, and I think you guys are awesome for sharing this stuff.

I'll open another can of worms here.

I'm glad I have delta with BADD LITTERS, Females dying, Males tails getting gain Green and dying after over breeding. I'm glad I have dealt with Sicknesses and used many different husbandry techniques. Many worked, and some failed, and I have lost a LOT of animals due to my learning over the years.

I'm glad I have sent MANY dead snakes for necropsies to learn, and that I have had respitory cultures done to help me understand how I can do better in the future. People are afraid to say they have had problems in past because they feel it will only hurt them, but I say if you haven't had PROBLEM YET, you certainly will. These are LIVE ANIMALS!!!! And if you haven't had many of those things happen, then you really aren't that experienced. (NO OFFENSE). So, for you to share info on death, and other things, only make me respect you more.

For anyone to say they KNOW it all, or they have the "PERFECT" system, is wrong. I feel I have a GREAT grasp on things, and the only reason I can say that is because of all the heart ache of the problems I discussed above. Now I feel I have some of the best husbandry around, but it always ALWAYS can get better.

I hope you have a great weekend, and thanks again for your posts.

Again, just my opinion.

Jeremy Stone

Replies (15)

Psycodelic Apr 14, 2006 02:56 PM

...

boaphile Apr 14, 2006 03:29 PM

A bit of anecdotal information: I had two females that each gave birth to a litter of babies one year and then had babies again the following year. What is the big deal about this you ask? Well these two females were too thin to breed the second year. I absolutely did not put a male in with either one of them at any time. One had slugs and several premature but live babies. The other had half a litter of babies and half a litter of slugs. Only around 12 babies and slugs the second year which is less than half what she had the previous year. The babies were all full term and very much alive. Now the only possibility outside of sperm retention for a full year is that these babies were from the previous year and just delivered a year late. That doesn't make much sense. It happens.

creptilia Apr 14, 2006 03:37 PM

I wrote this below, but felt it was lost among the sea of replies.

I am not sure if this occurs in Boas as it does in some other reptiles (e.g. the whiptail lizard, Cnemidophorous sp.), but it does explain the outcome. All female litter from a female with only a set of X chromosomes- there is no chance for a male. It explains the hypos and the fact Supers were produced. Like Jeremy, I have never had sperm retention like that. I have produced a couple of litters with extremely high slug counts, where I thought parthogenesis was possible due to the phenotypic outcome. I think something wierd is going on and it is not sperm retention- I also think those are beautiful Super Hyps and NOT Hypo Jungles. Congrats either way!

Comments welcome.

Has there been any research on this matter in boids?
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Ron Michelotti

Class Reptilia
www.classreptilia.com

wetceal Apr 14, 2006 03:52 PM

with a friend of mine earlier today. I don't know very much about this topic although I find it extremely interesting. My friend said he wanted to do a little more research on it and hopefully he'll post something on later today!

Thanks,
Celia
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Celia Chien
Celia Chien Photography

www.ExoticsByNature.com

www.BoaConstrictorMorphs.com
www.BallPythonMorphs.com
www.CornSnakeMorphs.com

creptilia Apr 14, 2006 04:32 PM

as being Super Hypos, you know for a fact the Jungle could NOT have been the father as he is not a hypo. I also highly doubt a spontaneous hypo mutation occured in the process of recombination and fertilization. This litter may be at the forefront of future research in Parthenogenesis in boids- if I remember correctly, it is a survival mechanism. Like I stated earlier, I have had two litters where I am willing to bet the same thing occured. Cool!
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Ron Michelotti

Class Reptilia
www.classreptilia.com

caparu Apr 14, 2006 06:52 PM

Funny, I had a think on this matter when I read all of the posts earler. I wonder if you're all aware of the example of parthenogenesis in a Burmese Python housed at a zoo in Amsterdam?

Follow the link below...may throw some wood on the fire!

First example of Boid parthenogenesis

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_____

signature file edited, contact an admin. 2/13/06

PanamaRed Apr 14, 2006 04:23 PM

I think the parthenogenesis theory may be the winner on this litter IMO. How old was the motley male? Maybe he wasn't producing viable sperm yet (at the time of the breeding), and just helped to stimulate the female to reproduce on her own similar to a whiptailed lizzard. If there were no genes added by a male only the females genes X her own genes, this could be the reason those hypos in the litter are SO SWEET looking!!

Gourgous boas either way! Just when you think you know whats comming nature throws you the curve ball..

Another idea on retained sperm..

What if it isn't the fact that sperm is retained for long periods of time, but dormant fetilized ova are retained.... You would think the sperm would die off in a shorter period of time, due to a female gestating and the heat she seeks during that gestation period.. Sperm don't do well in heat this is why male genitalia are external on many animals..

Somthing I found on the net about Parthenogenesis..

"whiptail lizard (genus Cnemidophorus) reproduce exclusively by parthenogenesis. These lizards live in the dry and sometimes harsh climate of the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. All these asexual species appear to have arisen through the hybridization of two or three of the sexual species in the genus leading to polyploid individuals. The mechanism by which the mixing of chromosomes from two or three species can lead to parthenogenetic reproduction is unknown. Because multiple hybridization events can occur, individual parthenogenetic whiptail species can consist of multiple, independent asexual lineages. Within lineages, there is very little genetic diversity, but different lineages may have quite different genotypes. An interesting aspect to reproduction in these asexual whiptail lizards is that mating behaviors are still seen even though the populations are entirely female. One female plays the role formerly played by the male lizard and mounts the female that is about to produce eggs. The reason the animals act this way is due to their hormonal cycles, which cause some to act as males when levels of estrogen are low, and others to take the role of female when estrogen levels are high. Lizards that act out the courtship ritual have greater fecundity than those kept in isolation due to the increase in hormones that accompanies the mounting. So, even though asexual whiptail lizards populations lack males, they still require sexual stimuli for maximum reproductive success."
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Ed Lilley, www.constrictorsnw.com

g.gartner Apr 14, 2006 05:33 PM

Whiptails are a bad example here because of their interesting parthogenetic origins (hybridization). There are instances of snakes, normally viviparous, producing litters parthenogenetically. Specifically, a timber rattlesnake that had never been housed with a male, produced a parthenogenetic litter.

I don't see how it is possible that the litters discussed could be parthenogenetic. I saw the post some time ago, but weren't multiple phenotypes expressed in the offspring? If so, then we can rule out parthenogenesis. Multiple phenotypes would suggest segregation of alleles during meiosis and the production of gametes. If this was a parthenogenetic litter, the babies would be clonal versions of mom (and yes, all female). New gene expression--especially on the order of something that expresses itself obviously--would be extremeley, extremeley rare. Remember, parthenogenetic babies are the result of mitotic cell division and as such, there is no mechanism for different types of phenotypic expression.

Cheers,
Gabriel

PanamaRed Apr 14, 2006 05:51 PM

So you think since the mother was a co-dominant hypo all of the babies would have had to have been also?

There wouldn't be a mixed variety like if it were her genes X her genes?

I know babies from parthenogenisis are not clones they just have a narrower gene pool from a single parent. If the parent has the genes of hypo and normal color couldn't the babies? It seems like there could be the variations seen here, but thats all just speculation..

I think it's a whole new interesting topic anyway..

Say a co-dominant sunglow produced offspring via parthenogenisis would all of the babies be sunglows? The parent animal has multiple genes. So if the babies weren't perfect clones they are inheriting some different genes.
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Ed Lilley, www.constrictorsnw.com

creptilia Apr 14, 2006 07:58 PM

which the process works. If the babies mitotically came from ova, then they will not be clones of the parent due to the laws of independent assortment and segregation (i.e. no two gametes are alike because chromosome shuffling had occured). When I get a chance, I will see how it works.
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Ron Michelotti

Class Reptilia
www.classreptilia.com

PanamaRed Apr 14, 2006 08:57 PM

identical are 2 different things. I doubt a single one of the burms that were proven to be produced via parthenogenisis were identical looking they just have the same genetic makup their mother does. If the mother were a co-dom hypo she'd have genes for both a normal appearance and hypo appearance. We know this because if she only had genes for the hypo appearance she'd be a super, and she has already proven not to be in the past. So I think the babies could look like both in theory..

I don't know if this is what happened in this litter, but it would seem the mothers genes would be inheritable to the offspring both ways.
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Ed Lilley, www.constrictorsnw.com

g.gartner Apr 15, 2006 05:34 PM

The ONLY way for there to be different looking critters is if the babies were haploid (having half the chromosomes of normals). Then, yes, because of segregation and ind. assortment, you could have different looking babies. This is roughly analogous to what happens in whiptail lizards...where there is a doubling of chromosomes after meiosis to create a diploid zygote (I know it sounds wierd)...I think parthenogenesis is extremeley unlikely in this case...when it does happen in normally sexually reproducing animals, it's thought to be a last resort mechanism (the female is older and has never been with a male of the same species). I think there was a phantom mating or sperm retention here...just my 2 cents.

LindaH Apr 14, 2006 07:51 PM

I'm just a learner here, and I am really enjoying this discussion. This stuff fascinates me. Thank you, thank you for sharing your experiences with us. Whatever happened regarding this litter, I will only add what many others have already said - - Those babies are AWESOME!! The coloring alone is almost neon. I can't imagine how they will look 4 or 5 sheds from now. You'll have to put some sort of weird filter on your camera lense to keep that intense color from blinding us all

Thank you again for sharing this and opening a lively thread that is educational as well.
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Linda Hedgpeth
lindafh@frontiernet.net
Sierra Serpents

wetceal Apr 14, 2006 11:03 PM

Thanks for the compliments! I agree that the babies - whatever they may be - are amazing. I have to force myself to stop opening up their tub and looking at them! I can't wait to see what they look like after they shed!

Thanks,
Celia
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Celia Chien
Celia Chien Photography

www.ExoticsByNature.com

www.BoaConstrictorMorphs.com
www.BallPythonMorphs.com
www.CornSnakeMorphs.com

jacktdyer Apr 15, 2006 03:50 PM

Well said. I don`t respond much on this forum, but your responce and honesty is quite impressive. Jack Dyer

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