I would call ultra a recessive mutant gene.
From what has been worked out, there are three alleles that could occur in the a (for amelanistic) locus in corn snakes. These are normal, ultra, and amelanistic. Amelanistic corns lack black pigment. Ultras have some black pigment but much less than normals. Both amelanistic and ultra are recessive to normal because the normal//mutant heterozygotes look normal. The ultra//amelanistic heterozygote looks more or less intermediate between an ultra and an amelanistic.
The closest to a codominant in corn snakes is a mutant that goes by a variety of names: diffuse, blood red, blood red pattern mutant, etc. This causes the pattern to be reduced on the back and absent on the belly. It was found in blood red corns but seems to have little to do with the color. People say that it's a codominant, but if so, the effect on the heterozygote is fairly subtle.
Paul Hollander