Standard off the shelf polyurethane can take over a year to offgass, I'm afraid to say. A recent poster here has some cages well over a year old that still smell.
I would still consider it harmful and in fact it's not recommended for use on the inside of cabinets that will hold food, utensils or even clothes.
The problem is that due to VOC restrictions manufacturers have been forced to reduce the amount of solvent in products like polyurethane. Now well less toxic solvents may sound like a good thing, it causes the products to go on too thick which sometimes makes them offgass basically forever.
You should absolutely wait until you or someone with a "fresh nose" can detect no odor. Unfortunately that could be a very long time.
-----
Current snakes:
0.0.1 Gonyosoma oxycephala - Java locale (green)
1.2 Gonyosoma oxycephala - Jave local (green)
2.2 Gonyosoma janseni - Seleyar locale (all black)
1.2 Gonyosoma janseni - Celebes locale (Black & Tan)