i'll use your pied/pastel, that's a good example. by the time you get female pastels up to breeding size, you're going to have lots of attractive options as to what you want to make with them. they make all kinds of excellent double co-doms, first generation, straight 1 in 4. if you were to make pastels het pied, there is no guarantee you will get a male, and if you do, you still need adult female het pieds [a less than optimal pairing, 1 in 8, with lots of possible this and that] or adult pied females to pull off a pastel pied. and trust me, adult pieds and het pieds have plenty of value in other projects as well. anyone using adult visual females of any type is sacrificing something to make double hets, therefore i think they rightly value what they produce. if you have the right adult visual females, the co-dom/visual double hets can be worth the expense, as you can save at least a couple of years. i strongly reccomend to anyone who wants to produce any of the really killer morphs, sit down with a paper and pencil, and figure out how you're going to get there. right now, there are lots of shortcuts out there at affordable prices, if you can figure out how to use them with what you've got. best of luck to all, kurt d.