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Jaw dislocation?

LarryF Mar 27, 2008 08:51 PM

A comment in a thread below remided me of something I've been meaning to ask.

For a very long time it was accepted that snakes "unhinge" their jaws to swallow large prey. At some point in the last 10 years (maybe earlier) the conventional wisdom has changed to "they don't unhinge them, they are just connected by stretchy cartilage".

I've dissected a few snakes and can verify that the lower jaw is connected by cartilage (and another bone who's name I don't recall) to the skull.

But I've seen quite a few snakes (corn snakes jump to mind) that often have their lower jaw noticably out of place after swallowing a large meal and SEEM to go around forcefully pushing their lower jaw against things until it is back in place.

Does anyone happen to know exactly what IS going on there?
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What goes up must come down...unless it exceeds escape velocity.

Replies (12)

DMong Mar 27, 2008 11:28 PM

Larry, I've seen the exact behavior you're describing many times in the past, and it does seem cornsnakes are more prone to this behavior, than many others, although I don't know quite why. Boa and Python skulls are somewhat different than colubrid skulls in their bone structure, one, or the other even has an "extra" bone that the other does not, but I can't remember which one now, off the top of my head. The independently moving mandibles(lower jaw bones) are connected to the joint by loose "elastic-like" ligaments.

Below, is a diagram and text that better depicts the dynamics of the movement than I can describe.

hope this helps, ~Doug

Depicted above is a side view of the skull of a Burmese python, with those kinetic joints that are visible labeled. The joints in red are highly mobile, those in green are slightly mobile, and the joint in blue, while not mobile in most snake species, is highly mobile in the African Egg-eating Snake.

The red joint A is the joint between the madible and quadrate, and is analogous to the joint in the human (and other mammal) jaws. The joint above it, labeled B in red, is the joint between the quadrate and the supratemporal, which is also highly mobile in most directions, and adds another joint to the jaw, allowing wider gape and greater jaw flexibility. The red joint C, located beneath the eye socket, is the connection between the prefrontal and maxilla (upper jaw). This allows the maxilla and its teeth to pivot in the plane of the photograph, and while it does not increase gape, it does facilitate the complex action by which the snake draws prey into its mouth.

The green joint A, above the eye socket, is a joint between the frontal and nasal bones, which allows the snake to slightly upturn its nose, slightly increasing gape and assisting in swallowing. Green joint B allows the lower jaws to bow outwards, further increasing the gape.
Image
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"Better to be silent and thought a fool, than to open mouth and remove any doubt!"

goregrind Mar 28, 2008 04:40 AM

pretty complicated, never really put any thought into it but now that i know im curious about other aspects of snake anotomy

when snakes breath through thier "nose" is there an airway straight to thier lungs or do the nostril holes lead to the mouth?

is the stomach the "first organ" in a snake or does food have to pass by heart and lungs?
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Jake Barney and Brandon O'Dell
eight02exotics

current (small) collection
1.1.1 ball pythons
0.2 corns
1.0 cal king
0.0.1 wc garter

LarryF Mar 28, 2008 12:13 PM

Food has to pass by the heart to get to the stomach. The lung but runs along-side much of it.

The nostrils open into the roof of the mouth. The only opening to the lungs is the glottis in floor of the mouth.
Image
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What goes up must come down...unless it exceeds escape velocity.

DMong Mar 28, 2008 12:23 PM

Great depiction of the mouth, and how some of it works!,....many folks aren't aware that a snake that has it's mouth stuffed with a giant meal, can only get air from positioning the "glottis" tube at the floor of the mouth.

Great stuff!

~Doug
Image
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"Better to be silent and thought a fool, than to open mouth and remove any doubt!"

LarryF Mar 28, 2008 11:37 AM

Thak you. That's great diagram. I was aware of all of those joints (other than bringing up the names, and the extra one in the egg-eaters), but looking at the photo that way helps.

I'm wondering if maybe one or both quadrates might end up rotated forwards sometimes and the skin and other tissues returning to position after stretching might prevent it from rotating back to where it belongs. Perhaps the snake is pushing to overcome the force of the other tissues squeezing in on that area (sort of like having a rubber band around the back of the jaw)...

One note though, I THINK you have the green joint A too far back...
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What goes up must come down...unless it exceeds escape velocity.

LarryF Mar 28, 2008 11:38 AM

.
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What goes up must come down...unless it exceeds escape velocity.

mldolan Mar 28, 2008 09:04 AM

I see this a lot with my ball python (and to a lesser extent with my colubrids) after a big mouse his lower jaw sometimes will be at a 30 degree angle to his upper jaw. this leads to a lot of yawning, stretching and even the occasional "Mel Gibson" (pardon if you haven't seen the lethal weapon movies) where he'll smack his head against a vertical surface to pop it back into place. it can take up to 15 minutes to get everything realigned.
mike
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..1 Jayne "The Hero of Canton", Ball Python
..1 Edmund Slackbladder, Mexican Kingsnake
..1 El Diablo "They haven't built a cage I can't get out of" Pueblan Milksnake
(Currently serving 25 to life in a Maryland Supermax
______________________________________________________

Me; And finally monsieur a wafer thin pinkie
El Diablo: blaggh
Me: ah sir its only 1 leetle pink one
ED: ahh, sod off! I'm full
Me: ah sir hmm? its only wafer thin?
ED: bah! i couldn't eat another thing I'm absolutely stuffed. bugger off!
Me: ah sir, sir just ...just one......?
ED: ok just one
Me just the one.
Me: voila!
Me: bon appetite!.......

dekaybrown Mar 28, 2008 07:37 PM

I actualy find watching my snakes do this entertaining.

Yawn photos anyone???

Peace,
Wayne
Image

reako45 Mar 31, 2008 02:06 PM

Great photo.

reako45

Orocosos Apr 02, 2008 07:23 PM

Okay...That's just cool!

Nicodemus Apr 04, 2008 10:49 AM

Don't let that one get around teh intarwebz or ALL snakes will be illegal in a couple days...

mldolan Apr 05, 2008 04:53 PM

you just need to photoshop the mouse giving the camera the finger and it would be all over the web.
mike
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..1 Jayne "The Hero of Canton", Ball Python
..1 Edmund Slackbladder, Mexican Kingsnake
..1 El Diablo "They haven't built a cage I can't get out of" Pueblan Milksnake
(Currently serving 25 to life in a Maryland Supermax
______________________________________________________

Me; And finally monsieur a wafer thin pinkie
El Diablo: blaggh
Me: ah sir its only 1 leetle pink one
ED: ahh, sod off! I'm full
Me: ah sir hmm? its only wafer thin?
ED: bah! i couldn't eat another thing I'm absolutely stuffed. bugger off!
Me: ah sir, sir just ...just one......?
ED: ok just one
Me just the one.
Me: voila!
Me: bon appetite!.......

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