An Albino is an animal with a corrupted version of the Tyrosinase gene.. Tyrosinase is one of the enzymes that allow melanin to form which is where you get your black coloring. Albino have a fault version so they produce no melanin... but they can produce the other 3 basic colors... red, brown, and yellow.
Here's a quote for you from a paper I read a while ago:
"Tyrosinase (tie-ROW-sin-ace) is the major enzyme involved in the formation of melanin pigment. Tyrosinase is responsible for converting tyrosine to DOPA and on to dopaquinone (dopa-QUIN-own). The dopaquinone then forms black-brown eumelanin or red-yellow pheomelanin. The tyrosinase enzyme is made by the tyrosinase gene on chromosome 11, and alterations (also called mutations) of this gene can produce one type of albinism because the tyrosinase enzyme made by the altered gene does not work correctly.
Two additional enzymes called tyrosinase-related protein 1 or DHICA oxidase (DEE-ca OX-eye-dase) and tyrosinase-related protein 2 or dopachrome tautomerase (dopa-chrome tow-TOM-er-ace) are important in the formation of eumelanin pigment. The gene for DHICA oxidase in on chromosome 9 and the gene for dopachrome tautomerase in on chromosome 9. Alterations of the DHICA oxidase gene are associated with a loss of function of this enzyme and this produces on type of albinism. Alterations of the gene for dopachrome tautomerase do not produce albinism."
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Lucien
1.0 Columbian Redtail Boa (BCI)
3.1 Leopard geckos (2 Blizzard and 2 het Blizzard)
0.1 Savannah Monitor
13 rats
12 Gerbils
2 Dogs
3 cats
1 Albino Corey (fish)