I would guess your dragon is around 2 months old, give or take. You may not be able to sex it just yet, but here's a link to help you figure it out. www.dachiu.com/sexing.html
You might want to cover that mirror, the reflection could stress him out. Lots of people will cover 3 of the 4 sides of the tank with some type of paper to reduce reflection and help the beardie feel more secure.
A 10 gallon is a bit too small. It is hard to get a proper temp gradient in that size tank, most would start with a 20 gallon. You need to be able to get the basking spot around 105-115 and maintain the cool side at around 85, and it's just hard to get that with a 10g. If you can upgrade that would be good, since he's already big that 10g won't last much longer anyways. Soon after that he'll need an even bigger tank. 3x2x2 is a minimum, but 4x2x2 is preferred for a full grown beardie to live in. If the tank is too expensive a lot of people choose to build their own enclosure, this can save money if you're handy like that.
As for what kind he is, well, unless you know what the parents are there is no way to know what "morph" he is. It doesn't really matter, the morph is just a name to tell the bloodline used by breeders, it doesn't neccessarily determine the color. Yours does look to have more yellow than a "normal" though, he may have some nice color when he grows up.
You need to start reading up on some caresheets, and some people on this forum have a few really good ones that I would recommend. Read them thouroughly, it's a good start but don't stop there. There is a lot of information to be had about the husbandry of bearded dragons, good and bad, so the more you can educate yourself the better owner you will be 
Good luck and welcome to the forum!
here are those links
beautifuldragons.com this one has a great food chart to learn what you should and should not feed your beardie
www.beardiedragon.com/pages/Care/BD_Care_QA2.html Q&A, answers a lot of questions you may have
www.kakadudragons.com/caresheet/caresheet.php#multiple a very thourough caresheet
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Amanda
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2.0 bearded dragons (Ocho / Domo-kun)

0.1 kingsnake (Rio)
0.0.1 tarantula (Otto)
1.0 ferret (Playstation)
1.0 cat (Wally)
0.1 dog (Tima)