Short answer is no.

So called "true" (Chameleo, Furcifer, Kinyongia, Trioceros, Rhampholeon, Brookesia, etc) chameleons are native to specific areas in Africa and the Middle East, a few remnant habitats in the Mediterranean, and to Madagascar. Some people mistakenly call the New World Anoles chameleons because they can change their skin color from green to brown.