ACFS shouldnt be out of the water for more than a few minutes. he's sticking his head out of the water because these types of frogs breath AIR. they do like to lay and rest on lilly pads often, so maybe he just needs a "perch." you should always leave your frog IN the water. you should a 1/3 water change like you would any tank--every two weeks. you need ten gallons of water per frog (ACF), so a small shallow bowl is not very sufficent. anyway, i hope i helped.