PROven was a concoction of several Asiatic cobra venoms. Most likely it was what we now call N. naja and/or N. atra. However, at the time is was being promoted all the cobras in Asia were considered to be subspecies of N. naja, and the venoms listed in journals were just called N. naja, with only occasional subspecies listed. The old N. naja siamensis is not N. siamensis today, so it gets really confusing. Anyway, no one really knows what venoms were in PROven because Haast refused to tell the FDA what exactly was in the formula. It could never get FDA approval here in the US because you can not manufacture a drug and give it to people without saying very specifically what is in it and how it is made.
Jim Harrison
KRZ

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